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CBSE Class 12 syllabus 2018: Here is the detail syllabus on Geography
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<p>CBSE Class 12 syllabus 2018: The Central Board of Secondary Education (CBSE) will conduct board examinations from February for the coming academic year 2019. The board has already released a list of vocational subjects for the examinations that will be conducted from February to March 2019, the schedule and date of the examinations will be released later.</p> <p style="text-align: justify; margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px;">GOOGLE_AD_DATA</p> <p>From next year, the students need to get a minimum of 33 per cent marks in theory and practical combined to declare pass in the subject to get pass in the Class 10 examinations.</p> <p>CBSE Class 12 syllabus 2018: Here is the complete syllabus on Geography </p> <p>Geography</p> <p>A. Fundamentals of Human Geography (Periods 85)</p> <p>Unit I: Human Geography: Nature and Scope (Periods 5)</p> <p>Unit II: People (Periods 20) • Population of the world – distribution, density and growth; • Population change-spatial patterns and structure; determinants of population change; • Age-sex ratio; rural-urban composition; • Human development – concept; selected indicators, international comparisons.</p> <p>Unit III: Human Activities (Periods 28) • Primary activities – concept and changing trends; gathering, pastoral, mining, subsistence agriculture, modern agriculture; people engaged in agriculture and allied activities – some examples from selected countries; • Secondary activities – concept; manufacturing: agro-processing, household, small scale, large scale; people engaged in secondary activities – some examples from selected countries; • Tertiary activities – concept; trade, transport and communication; services; people engaged in tertiary activities – some examples from selected countries; • Quaternary activities – concept; knowledge based industries; people engaged in quaternary activities – some examples from selected countries.</p> <p>Unit IV: Transport, Communication and Trade (Periods 20) • Land transport – roads, railways – rail network; trans-continental railways; • Water transport- inland waterways; major ocean routes; • Air transport – Intercontinental air routes; • Oil and gas pipelines; • Satellite communication and cyber space; • International trade – Basis and changing patterns; ports as gateways of international trade, role of WTO in International trade.<br />Unit V: Human Settlements (Periods 12) • Settlement types – rural and urban; morphology of cities (case study); distribution of mega cities; problems of human settlements in developing countries.</p> <p>B. India: People and Economy (Periods 85)</p> <p>Unit I: People (Periods 15) • Population – distribution, density and growth; composition of population: linguistic and religious; rural-urban population change through time – regional variations; occupation</p> <p>• Migration: international, national – causes and consequences; • Human development – selected indicators and regional patterns; • Population, environment and development.</p> <p>Unit II: Human Settlements (Periods 10)</p> <p>• Rural settlements – types and distribution</p> <p>• Urban settlements – types, distribution and functional classification.</p> <p>Unit III: Resources and Development (Periods 30)</p> <p>• Land resources – general land use; agricultural land use – major crops; agricultural development and problems, common property resources</p> <p>• Water resources – availability and utilization – irrigation, domestic, industrial and other uses; scarcity of water and conservation methods – rain water harvesting and watershed management (one case study related with participatory watershed management to be introduced)</p> <p>• Mineral and energy resources – metallic and non-metallic minerals and their distribution; conventional and non-conventional energy sources</p> <p>• Industries – types and distribution; industrial location and clustering; changing pattern of selected industries – iron and steel, cotton textiles, sugar, petrochemicals, and knowledge based industries; impact of liberalisation, privatisation and globalisation on industrial location</p> <p>• Planning in India – target area planning (case study); idea of sustainable development (case study).</p> <p>Unit IV: Transport, Communication and International Trade (Periods 15)</p> <p>• Transport and communication — roads, railways, waterways and airways; oil and gas pipelines; national electric grids; communication networkings – radio, television, satellite and internet;</p> <p>• International trade — changing pattern of India’s foreign trade; sea ports and their hinterland and airports.</p> <p>Unit V: Geographical Perspective on Selected Issues and Problems (One case study to be introduced for each topic) (Periods 15)</p> <p>• Environmental pollution; urban-waste disposal</p> <p>• Urbanisation-rural-urban migration; problem of slums</p> <p>• Land Degradation.<br />News Source (<a href="https://indianexpress.com/article/education/cbse-class-12-syllabus-2018-here-is-the-detail-syllabus-on-geography-5421394/" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">Indian Express</a>)</p>
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CBSE Class 12 exams 2018: Here is the detail syllabus on Geography
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CBSE Class 12 exams 2018: Here is the detail syllabus on Geography
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